（雅思精讀）生育平等權(quán)同性戀家庭如何才能擁有一個孩子（下）

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*注：本文摘自7月22日《紐約時報》

Million-Dollar Babies百萬寶貝

1. For those who can afford it, the six-figure cost to have children via surrogacy is a fair price to realize what once seemed impossible. I am part of a whole generation of gay men who thought they would not have kids, Andy Cohen, 52, the Bravo host and new father, said in a phone interview, acknowledging that he is a privileged guy with access to the money and resources needed to do surrogacy.

通過代孕生孩子的費用高達六位數(shù)，這對于那些有錢人來說，是合理的，畢竟這實現(xiàn)了他們曾以為遙不可及的生孩子夢想。52歲的安迪科恩是Bravo節(jié)目的主持人，剛做了父親，他在電話采訪中說，我是那些認為自己這輩子都不會有孩子的男同性戀中的一員。他坦言，自己是那些擁有特權(quán)的人，能夠活得代孕所需的資金和資源。

2. Andy Cohen is one of many celebrities who have had a baby through the expensive surrogacy process. But some would-be gay male parents see this high price of parenthood as a penalty for not being straight. (Sperm donation and intrauterine insemination, commonly used by lesbian couples, are comparatively inexpensive procedures.)

安迪科恩是眾多通過價格昂貴的代孕方式生下孩子的名人之一。但是一些想成為擁有孩子的男同性戀把生孩子的高昂代價看作是對自己不是異性戀的懲罰。(女同性戀夫婦通過精子捐贈和體內(nèi)受精就能生孩子，這些手術相對比較便宜。)

3. Part of the reason I hesitated to come out was because I equated being gay with being unable to have a family, said Mario Leigh, the 23-year-old founder of Affordable Families, a fertility-rights coalition in Connecticut. Which is why Im taking action preventively to ensure that this is not the case.

23歲的馬里奧利是康涅狄格州生育權(quán)利聯(lián)盟Affordable Families的創(chuàng)始人，他說我不愿出柜的部分原因是，如果我是同性戀我就不能有孩子了。這就是為什么我要采取預防措施，以確保我能夠擁有孩子。

4. A recent Marist College graduate who works at Raytheon Technologies, an aerospace defense company in Windsor, Conn., Mr. Leigh is waging a legislative battle to ensure his access to fertility.

利最近剛從圣母學院畢業(yè)，在雷神技術公司(Raytheon Technologies)工作，這是一家位于康涅狄格州溫莎(Windsor)的航空防務公司。他正在進行一場立法斗爭，以確保自己能夠養(yǎng)育孩子。

5. Aided by Representative Liz Linehan, the chair of the Connecticut legislatures Committee on Children, his organization is developing a bill that would lead the nation in inclusive language and insurance coverage. We want to secure affordable coverage for anyone who desires a family, Mr. Leigh said.

在康涅狄格州立法機構(gòu)兒童事務委員會主席利茲萊恩漢(Liz Linehan)的幫助下，Affordable Families正在制定一項法案，該法案在包容性語言和保險覆蓋面方面領先全國。利說，我們希望每一個想要建立家庭擁有孩子的人都能享受保險服務。

6. Mr. Leigh began envisioning his own fertility journey while watching reality television. I saw Million Dollar Listing New York star Fredrick Eklund and his husband welcome twin daughters via surrogate in 2017, Mr. Leigh said. Seeing Eklund become a father was incredibly enlightening and felt like the missing piece I needed to begin thinking about how I could also have children.

利在看電視真人秀的時候，有了養(yǎng)育孩子的想法。利說， 2017年，我看到《紐約百萬豪宅》的主演弗雷德里克?？藗惖潞退恼煞蛲ㄟ^代孕迎來了一對雙胞胎女兒，這給了我很大啟發(fā)，我開始覺得我的人生缺了點什么，我開始想要有孩子了。

7. Mr. Leigh was relieved to know that science was on his side. But he knew how easily he could be priced out of parenthood by the high cost of surrogacy, and that he couldnt possibly be the only person facing those costs with fear.

知道通過科學手段可以使自己成為一名父親讓利松了一口氣。但他也知道，高昂的代孕費用也會輕而易舉地讓他喪失成為父親的機會，他還確信自己不是唯一一個對這些高昂費用感到恐懼的人。

8. Its a social justice issue, and young people are leading todays social justice movements, said Ms. Linehan of access to fertility care. Its also a fiscal issue, this is also about fiscal injustice. How will young L.G.B.T.s form families if they cannot afford it?

這是關乎社會公正的問題，而年輕人正在領導著如今的社會公正運動，生育保健組織的萊恩漢女士說。這也是一個涉及到財政不公的財政問題，。年輕的LGBT群體負擔不起如此高昂的費用，他們?nèi)绾谓M建家庭呢?

Fertility Equality Overseas海外生育平等9. The fertility-rights movement is further along outside the United States. Two years ago, tens of thousands of Israelis marched in protest after Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahus governmentunder pressure from religious political partiesdenied full fertility and surrogacy rights to unmarried men. With same-sex marriage still unrecognized by Israeli courts, this policy disproportionately affected L.G.B.T.Q. people, though many of the protesters were straight.

生育權(quán)利運動在美國以外的國家也如火如荼地發(fā)展著。兩年前，以色列總理本雅明內(nèi)塔尼亞胡政府在宗教政黨的壓力下，否認未婚男性的生育和代孕權(quán)利，數(shù)萬名以色列人走上街頭抗議。由于以色列法院仍然不承認同性婚姻，這項政策對LGBT人群的影響很大，盡管許多抗議者是異性戀。

10. Since the advances in marriage equality, anti-gay efforts have gone in two directions, attacks on transgender rights and, like in Israel, attacks on L.G.B.T. families, said Mark Gevisser, whose new book, The Pink Line: Journeys Across the Worlds Queer Frontiers, will be published later this month.

Mark Gevisser 說，自從婚姻平等取得進展以來，反同性戀運動主要有兩個方面，一是對跨性別者權(quán)利的攻擊，二是像在以色列一樣，攻擊LGBT家庭。他的新書《粉紅線:跨越世界酷兒邊界的旅程》將于本月晚些時候出版。

11. Opponents will say, Were not homophobic. We oppose discrimination in the workplace. You deserve the right to dignity, Mr. Gevisser said. But this openness stops at raising children. The protests further animated a nationwide conversation about Mr. Netanyahus administration and its deference to ultra-Orthodox Israelis, who view legislation that condones homosexuality as violating Jewish law.

吉維瑟說，反對者會說，我們不是恐同。我們反對工作場所的歧視。你應該得到尊重， 但這種包容并不包括養(yǎng)育孩子。這些抗議活動進一步激發(fā)了一場針對內(nèi)塔尼亞胡政府及其對以色列極端正統(tǒng)派的尊重的全國性，以色列極端正統(tǒng)派認為同性戀合法化的法案違反了猶太允許同性戀的立法違反了猶太律法。

12. These protests made us question our sense of liberalism and progressivism as a nation, said Mickey Ouzen-Depas, a member of the board of the Israeli Gay Fathers Association. But weve passed the point of no return here in Israel, he said. The country is ready for fertility equality, and now the government needs to play catch up. The Israeli Supreme Court recently called for the law to be amended.

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